BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

SADDLE 2)

SAINT MATTHEW PRINCIPLE (MARGALEF) 1)2)4)

SANTA FE INSTITUTE 1)

SANTIAGO THEORY 1)3)4)

SATISFACTION PRINCIPLE 1)2)

SATISFACTION RANGE 1)2)4)

SATURATION 1)

SATURATION (Structural)

SCALAR 2)

SCALE 2)

SCALE- FREE NETWORKS 2)

SCALE GRADIENT 2)

SCALE INVARIANCE 2)

SCALE (Large and small): their relationship 1)2)

SCALE (Mesoscopic) 2)4)5)

SCALE (Ratio)

SCALE UNIT 2)

SCALE-FREE 2)

SCALING 2)

SCALING (LAW of QUARTER POWER) 2)

SCALING PRINCIPLE 1)2)

SCANNING 2)

SCENARIO 1 4)

SCENARIO 2 1)2)

SCHEMA 2)3)

SCHEMATA 2)

SCHISMOGENESIS 1)2)

SCHOLASTICISM 1)2)3)

SCHOOL 1)4)5)

SCIENTIFIC METHOD: A constructivist reappraisal 3)

SCIENTIFIC REALISM 3)

SCLEROSIS 1)4)

SCRIPT 1)

SEARCH CONFERENCES 1)4)

SEARCH (Random) 2)

SEARCH SPACE 2)

SEGMENTATION 2)4)

SEGREGATION (Interactive) 1)4)

SEGREGATION (Progressive) 1)4)

SELECTION 1)

SELECTION (Artificial) 2)

SELECTION (Frequency dependent) 1)2)

SELECTION IN POPULATIONS (Combinatorial) 2)4)

SELECTION K 2)4)5)

SELECTION (Multi-level) 1)2)

SELECTION (Natural) 1)

SELECTION PRINCIPLE (LOOP) 1)2)

SELECTION (Replicative) 1)2)

SELECTION (The conditions of natural) 1)2)4)

SELECTIVE REPRODUCTION (in Artificial Evolution) 1)2)5)

SELECTIVITY 1)

SELECTOR 2)

SELF- 1)

SELF (The): A proposed systemic interpretation 1)5)

SELF-ASSEMBLING 1)2)

SELF-ASSERTIVENESS 1)

SELF-CLOSURE EVENT 2)

SELF-DESTRUCTION OF SYSTEMS 2)4)

SELF-EFFICACY

SELF-EXCEPTING FALLACY 3)

SELF-FULFILLING 3)

SELF-LIMITATING PHENOMENA 1)2)

SELF-OBSERVATION 1)2)

SELF-ORGANIZATION 1)

SELF-ORGANIZATION (Conditions for) 1)

SELF-ORGANIZATION (Two meanings for) 1)

SELF PRODUCTION versus SELF REPLICATION 1)

SELF-REFERENCE 1)2)

SELF-REFERENCE IN LOGIC 2)3)

SELF-REGULATION 1)2)

SELF-REORGANIZATION 2)3)4)

SELF-REPLICATING LOOP 3)5)

SELF-REPRODUCTION 2)

SELF-REPRODUCTION

SELF-SIMILARITY 2)

SELF-SIMILARITY in the WEIERSTRAS FUNCTION 2)

SELF-SIMPLIFICATION 2)

SELF-STABILIZATION 1)2)

SEMANTIC AMBIGUITY 3)

SEMANTIC CLOSURE 3)5)

SEMANTIC CONSTELLATION (SeCo) 1)2)4)

SEMANTIC CORRELATION SYSTEM 1)2)3)

SEMANTIC FIELD 2)3)4)

SEMANTIC FILTER 3)5)

SEMANTIC MATRIX 3)

SEMANTIC NET 3)

SEMANTIC NOISE 3)

SEMANTIC PRIMARY 5)

SEMANTIC PROCESS 3)

SEMANTIC REACTION 3)4)5)

SEMANTIC SPACE 3)

SEMANTIC UNIT 3)

SEMANTICS 3)5)

SEMANTICS (General) 3)5)

SEMANTICS (Pathological) 3)

SEMI-LOGARITHMIC GROWTH

SEMIOCHEMICALS 5)

SEMIOLOGY 5)

SEMIOSIS 2)

SEMIOSPHERE 2)4)

SEMIOTIC BIOLOGY

SEMIOTIC LIBERTY 1)

SEMIOTICS 3)5)

SENESCENCE in complex systems 1)4)

SENSIBILITY TO INITIAL CONDITIONS 1)2)

SENSITIVITY 1)2)

SENSOR 1)

SENSORY MOTOR-LOOP 1)2)

SEPARABILITY 1)

SEPARABILITY AXIOM 1)3)

SEPARATRIX 2)

SEQUENCE (Evolutive) 1)5)

SEQUENCE (Life) 1)

SERENDIPITY 1)

SERIALITY 2)

SERVO-MECHANISM 5)

SET 2)

SET THEORY in systemics 1)2)

SHANNON LIMIT 5)

SHIFTING (or SWITCHING) CAPACITY 1)2)

SHOAL

SIGMOID 2)

SIGN 1)3)

SIGN AND SYMBOL 3)

SIGNAL 1)3)

SIGNAL (Binary) 2)

SIGNAL (Iconic) 1)3)

SIGNALS (Discrete or continuous) 2)

SIGNALS (Forerunner)

SIGNIFICANCE/SIGNIFICATION

SIMILARITY 1)

SIMPLEXITY 2)

SIMPLICITY 1)

SIMPLICITY (Organized) 1)

SIMPLICITY (Principle of maximum) 2)

SIMPLIFICATION 1)

SIMULATION 1)2)

SIMULATION (Analog) 2)

SIMULATION MODELS (Taxonomy of) 1)2)

SIMULATION (Modes of) 2)

SIMULATION (Systemic) 1)2)

SIMULTANEITY 1)

SIMULTANEITY: the relativist view 1)3)

SIMULTANEOUS EFFECTS 1)3)

SINGULARITY 1)2)

SINGULARITY (Bifurcation) 1)2)

SINK 1)

SITUATION 1)

SITUATION COMPLEXITY INDEX 2)

SITUATIONS (Large scale) 1)4)

SIZE (Critical) 1)4)

SIZE (Optimum) 1)2)4)

SLAVING PRINCIPLE 1)2)4)

SLOVENIAN SOCIETY OF SYSTEMS STUDIES 1)

SLOW-DOWN 1)2)

SMALL WORLD 2)

SMALL WORLD EFFECT 2)4)

SMOOTHING 2)

SNOWBALL EFFECT 1)

SOCIAL CYBERNETICS 2)4)

SOCIAL ENTROPY 4)

SOCIAL ORDER THEORIES 1)2)

SOCIAL PATHOLOGIES 4)

SOCIAL REFLEXIVITY 4)

SOCIAL REPRESENTATION

SOCIAL SCIENCES METHODOLOGY: A CRITIQUE 2)4)

SOCIAL SOFTWARE

SOCIAL SUBSYSTEMS 2)4)

SOCIAL SYSTEM 4)

SOCIAL SYSTEM (Growth of a) 4)

SOCIAL SYSTEM (Human) 4)

SOCIAL SYSTEM THEORY AND DESIGN 1)2)4)

SOCIAL SYSTEMS DESIGN METHODOLOGY 1)2)4)

SOCIAL SYSTEMS MODELING 2)4)

SOCIAL SYSTEMS PARADIGM 4)

SOCIAL TIME

SOCIALITY 1)4)

SOCIALITY (Two types of) 1)2)4)

SOCIALIZATION 1)4)

SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE SISTEMAS GENERALES (SESGE) 1)

SOCIETAL ORDER PARAMETERS 2)4)

SOCIETY for GENERAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH 1)

SOCIOBIOLOGY 1)2)4)

SOCIOCULTURAL SYSTEM 4)

SOCIOGENESIS 2)4)

SOCIOGNOSIS 1)3)4)

SOCIO-HISTORIC SYSTEM 4)

SOCIOLOGY (Systemic) 2)3)4)

SOCIOLYSIS 1)4)

SOCIOSPHERE 4)

SOCIOTECHNICAL MACROSYSTEM 4)

SOCIOTECHNICAL SYSTEM 4)

SOCIOTOMY 5)

SOFT PROBLEM

SOFT SYSTEMS DYNAMICS METHODOLOGY (SSDM) 2)3)5)

SOFT SYSTEMS METHODOLOGY 4)

SOFT TECHNOLOGY 1)2)5)

SOFTWARE 2)5)

SOLIPSISM 3)

SOLITON 1)2)

SOLUTION 1)4)5)

SOMATIC ECOLOGY 2)4)5)

SOURCE 2)4)5)

SPACE (the abstract meaning) 2)3)

SPACE (the physical meaning) 1)3)

SPACE MORPHOLOGY 2)

SPACE PERCEPTION 3)

SPACE STRUCTURATION (Two dimensional) 2)4)

SPACE SYNTAX 2)

SPACESHIP EARTH 1)

SPACE-TIME (Relativistic causal structure of) 2)

SPACING 2)4)

SPAN 2)

SPAN OF A SYSTEM 2)

SPANISH SOCIETY FOR GENERAL SYSTEMS

SPECIALISTS AND SYSTEMISTS 1)3)

SPECIALIZATION through competition 1)

SPECIFICITY PRINCIPLE (MÜLLER's Law) 1)3)

SPECTRAL ANALYSIS 2)

SPECULAR INTERACTIONS 3)

SPECULARITY 4)

SPEECH ACT 1)4)

SPILLOVER COST

SPILLOVER EFFECTS 2)

SPIRALITY 2)

SPLITTERS and clumpers

SPREADTHINK 4)

SQUEEZING EFFECT 2)4)

ST.GALLEN MODEL 1)5)

STABILITY 1)

STABILITY AND COMPLEXITY 1)

STABILITY AND RESILIENCE 1)

STABILITY AND WHOLENESS 1)

STABILITY (Asymptotic) 1)2)

STABILITY (Dual) 2)

STABILITY (Dynamic) 1)2)

STABILITY (Dynamic) and CONNEXITY 1)

STABILITY (Dynamic) of a flame 2)

STABILITY (in the sense of LAGRANGE) 2)5)

STABILITY (in the sense of LIAPOUNOV) 2)5)

STABILITY (in the sense of POISSON) 2)5)

STABILITY (Levels of) 1)2)

STABILITY (Local) 1)2)

STABILITY (Lotka-Volterra model of) 2)

STABILITY (Meta-) 2

STABILITY (Neutral) 2)

STABILITY (Parameter change and) 2)

STABILITY (Poly-) 2)4)

STABILITY (Poly-) by multiple LOCALIZATIONS 2)

STABILITY STRATA 2)

STABILITY (Structural) 2)

STABILITY (Struggle for) 1)4)

STABILITY (Ultra-)

STABILITY CONDITIONS 1)

STABILITY MARGIN 1)2)

STABILIZATION 2)

STABILIZATION after a bifurcation 2)

STABILIZATION by COMPENSATION 1)

STABILIZATION STANDARD 2)

STAKEHOLDER 1)4)

STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS 1)4)

STANDARD 1)

STASIS 2)5)

STATE (Critical) 2)

STATE DETERMINED 2)

STATE EQUATION and STATE FUNCTION 2)

STATE (Initial) 2)

STATE of a SYSTEM 1)

STATE (Recurrent) 2)

STATE SPACE 2)

STATE (Stable) 2)

STATE (Stationary) 2)

STATE TRANSITION 2)

STATE-DETERMINED BEHAVIOR 2)

STATES (Interconvertible) 2)

STATIC or DYNAMIC VISION 1)3)

STATIGENESIS 2)

STATIONARY PROCESS 2)

STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE 2)3)

STEADY STATE 2)

STEADY STATE and ENVIRONMENT 1)4)

STEERING 1)2)

STEERING (Self-) 2)4)

STELLAR TYPE SYSTEM 1)2)

STEM 2)

STEP FUNCTION

STIGMERGY 1)2)4)5)

STIGMERGY (Selective) 2)4)

STILL-PICTURE MODEL 2)

STIMULATION (THRESHOLD of)

STIMULUS 1)

STIMULUS (Discriminative) 2)

STIMULUS within CONTEXT 1)3)

STIMULUS-RESPONSE 2)

STOCHASTIC EFFECTS 1)2)

STOCHASTIC PROCESS 2)

STOCHASTIC RESONANCE 2)

STORAGE 1)

STORAGE CAPACITY 1)2)

STORAGE (Matter-Energy) 1)2)

STORE 1)

STORY TELLING 1)3)

STRAIN 1)4)

STRATEGIC PLANNING IN ORGANIZATIONS 4)5)

STRATEGY 1)

STRATEGY and TACTICS 1)

STRATEGY (Evolutionarily stable) 1)2)

STRATUM 2)

STRESS 1)4)5)

STRESSOR 2)

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 2)

STRUCTURAL CLASS 2)

STRUCTURAL COUPLING 2)5)

STRUCTURAL DIFFERENTIAL 2)

STRUCTURAL MODELING

STRUCTURAL SATURATION 2)4)

STRUCTURALISM 1)3)4)

STRUCTURALISM and HISTORICISM 1)3)

STRUCTURE 1)2)

STRUCTURE and EVOLUTION 1)

STRUCTURE and PROCESS 1)2)

STRUCTURE (Conservative) 2)

STRUCTURE (Deep) 2)

STRUCTURE (Dissipative) 1)2)4)

STRUCTURE (Fractal) 2)

STRUCTURE (Hierarchic) 2)

STRUCTURE (Lacunar) 2)

STRUCTURE (Reference)

STRUCTURE (Self-facilitating) 1)3)4)

STRUCTURE from ORDER 1)3)

STRUCTURE GENESIS (Law of) 2)

STRUCTURE SYSTEM 2)

STRUCTURE TRIGGER 1)2)

STRUCTURE: VARIABLE OR INVARIANT? 1)

STRUCTURES (Five Proposals on Organizational) 4)

STRUCTURES of a SYSTEM (Basic) 2)

STRUCTURES (Types of) 2)

SUBJECT 3)5)

SUBJECTION 1)2)

SUBJECTIVITY (Epistemological) 2)3)

SUBLATION 2)

SUBSTITUTION (Forced) 4)

SUBSTRATE 1)

SUBSTRUCTURE 1)2)

SUBSUMPTION 1)3)4)

SUBSUMPTION ARCHITECTURE 1)2)5)

SUBSUMPTIVE TRANSFORMATION 2)4)

SUBSYSTEM 1)

SUBSYSTEMS (The 20 critical) 1)2)

SUMMATION TIME 1)2)

SUMMATIVITY 2)

SUNK-COST FALLACY 1)5)

SUPER-, SUPRA- 1)

SUPERCYCLE 1)

SUPERORGANISM 1)

SUPERPOSITION (Principle of) 2)

SUPERSUMPTION 1)3)

SUPPORTER 1)2)

SUPRA-HUMAN SYSTEMS 1)4)

SUPRASYSTEM 1)

SURROGATE WORLD 1)2)

SURVIVAL (Conditions of) 1)

SUSTAINABILITY 1)4)

SUSTAINABILITY (Supply side) 2)

SUSTAINABLE 1)4)

SWAMPING 1)4)

SWARM 1)2)

SWARM INTELLIGENCE 1)4)

SWIRL 2)

SWITCHING 1)2)

SYLLOGISM (Bayesian)

SYMBIOGENESIS 1)2)4)

SYMBIONT 1)4)5)

SYMBIOSIS 1)

SYMBIOTIC PARTNERSHIP 2)4)

SYMBOL 1)3)4)

SYMBOLIC POWER 4)

SYMBOLIC PROCESSING 2)3)

SYMBOLIC VIOLENCE 4)

SYMMETRY 1)

SYMMETRY (Antagonistic) 2)

SYMMETRY (Hexagonal) 2)

SYMMETRY (Pentagonal) 2)

SYMMETRY-BREAKING 1)2)

SYMMORPHOSIS 2)4)

SYMPTOM 1)

SYNAPSE 5)

SYNAPTIC WEIGHTS 2)5)

SYNCHRONIC and DIACHRONIC 1)3)

SYNCHRONICITY 1)

SYNCHRONIZATION 2)

SYNCHRONOUS (Anti-) 2)

SYNCHRONY 1)2)

SYNCHRONY (Symmetry breaking in) 2)

SYNCRETISM 1)

SYNECHISM 2)3)

SYNERGETICS 1)2)

SYNERGISTIC SELECTION 2)4)

SYNERGY PARADIGM 1)2)3)

SYNERGY

SYNTACTIC NOISE 3)

SYNTACTICAL REDUNDANCY 2)3)

SYNTACTICS 1)3)

SYNTAX 1)3)

SYNTEGRITY

SYNTHESIS (Systemic methodologies of) 1)

SYNTONY 1)2)4)

SYNTONY QUEST 1)4)

SYNTROPY 2)

SYSTEEM GROEP NEDERLAND 1) or Dutch Systems Group.

SYSTEM 1)

SYSTEM (Abstract) 1)2)

SYSTEM (Adaptive) 1)

SYSTEM (Allopoietic) 1)

SYSTEM (Almost homogenous)

SYSTEM (Almost isolated) 1)

SYSTEM and Environment 1)

SYSTEM (Anticipatory) 1)4)

SYSTEM (Appreciative)

SYSTEM (Anticipatory)

SYSTEM (Appreciative) 2)

SYSTEM as a NETWORK (The) 1)2)

SYSTEM (Autonomous) 1)

SYSTEM (Autopoietic)

SYSTEM (Behavior) 1)2)

SYSTEM (Chaotic)

SYSTEM (Closed) 2)

SYSTEM (Co-) 1)2)4)

SYSTEM (Colonial) 1)2)4)

SYSTEM (Complex) 1)2)

SYSTEM (Composite) 1)2)

SYSTEM (Conceptual or formal) 2)3)

SYSTEM (Concrete) 1)2)3)

SYSTEM (Connectionist) 2)

SYSTEM (Conscious) 3)

SYSTEM (Conservative, or Hamiltonian, or non-dissipative) 2)

SYSTEM (Controlled) 1)

SYSTEM (Cybernetic) 2)

SYSTEM (Decomposable) 2)

SYSTEM (Description) 2)

SYSTEM (Deterministic) 2)

SYSTEM (Dissipative) 2)

SYSTEM (Dynamic) 1)2)

SYSTEM (Equifinal) 2)

SYSTEM (Ergodic) 2)

SYSTEM (Exosomatic) 4)

SYSTEM (Far-trom-equilibrium) 2)

SYSTEM (Formal) 2)

SYSTEM (Generative) 2)

SYSTEM (Goal directed) 1)3)

SYSTEM (Goal-seeking) 1)3)

SYSTEM (Heterogeneous) 1)2)

SYSTEM (Heuristic) 1)2)4)

SYSTEM (Hierarchic) 1)2)

SYSTEM (Homeostatic) 1)2)

SYSTEM (How to define the meaning of a) 1)4)

SYSTEM (Hypothesis of the lone) 3)

SYSTEM (Ideal-seeking) 4)

SYSTEM (Input-output)

SYSTEM (Integrated) 2)4)

SYSTEM (Irreversible) 1)

SYSTEM (Isolated) 2)

SYSTEM (Isomorphic)

SYSTEM (Life cycle of a) 1)

SYSTEM (Linear) 2)

SYSTEM (Man-machine) 1)2)

SYSTEM (META-) TRANSITION 2)

SYSTEM (Multi-Agent)

SYSTEM (Multi-level) 2)

SYSTEM (Multistable) 2)

SYSTEM (Near Equilibrium) 2)

SYSTEM (Nearly decomposable) 1)2)

SYSTEM (Nondeterminisitic) 2)

SYSTEM (Nonequilibrium) 2)

SYSTEM (Nonlinear) 2)

SYSTEM (Open) 2)

SYSTEM (Organismic) 2)5)

SYSTEM (Oscillating) 2)

SYSTEM (Polystable) 1)2)4)

SYSTEM (Primitive)

SYSTEM (Probabilistic) 2)

SYSTEM (Purpose seeking) 1)4)

SYSTEM (Purposeful) 1)4)

SYSTEM (Purposive) 2)

SYSTEM (Quasi-Periodic) 2)

SYSTEM (Relevant)

SYSTEM (Richly or poorly joined) 2)

SYSTEM (Second Order) 2)

SYSTEM (Self-energizing) 2)

SYSTEM (Self-modifying) 1)2)

SYSTEM (Self-organizing) 2)

SYSTEM (Self-referencial)

SYSTEM (Self-referential) 2)

SYSTEM (Self-reproducing) 2)

SYSTEM (Source) 2)3)

SYSTEM (Stable) 1)2)

SYSTEM (State-determined) 2)

SYSTEM (State-maintaining) 2)

SYSTEM (State-transition) 2)3)

SYSTEM (Static) 2)3)

SYSTEM (Stationary) 2)

SYSTEM (Steady state) 2)

SYSTEM (Stellar type)

SYSTEM (Structure) 2)3)

SYSTEM (Symbolic) 2)3)

SYSTEM (Teleogenic) 1)2)

SYSTEM (Trivial) 2)

SYSTEM (Ultrastable) 2)

SYSTEM (Viable) 1)2)4)

SYSTEM (World) 4)

SYSTEM DESIGN 1)4)

SYSTEM ENTITY STRUCTURE 2)5)

SYSTEM SPACE 1)2)

SYSTEMATICS (Evolutive) 2)

"SYSTÈME GÉNÉRAL" (Diagram of the) 2)

"SYSTÈME GÉNÉRAL" (Structural matrix of the) 2)

"SYSTÈME GÉNÉRAL" (Theory of the) (J.L.LE MOIGNE) 1)2)3)

SYSTEMIC METHODOLOGY for STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT (SM: SM) 4)

SYSTEMIC PROPERTIES: a tentative listing 1)

SYSTEMIC RISK 1)

SYSTEMIC THINKING 1)3)

SYSTEMIC/Holistic versus NONSYSTEMIC THINKING 1)3)4)

SYSTEMICS 1)3)

SYSTEMICS in Latin America 1)

SYSTEMICS in Switzerland 1)

SYSTEMICS (Practical) 2)

SYSTEMICS vs SYSTEMATICS? 1)2)3)

SYSTEM-INQUIRING METHODS (a taxonomy of) 1)2)3)

SYSTEM MASK

SYSTEM-LEVEL EFFECTS 2)4)5)

SYSTEMOGENESIS 1)2)

SYSTEMOGRAPHY 2)

SYSTEMOLOGY 1)2)3)

SYSTEMOLOGY (Interpretive)

SYSTEMS AGE 1)4)

SYSTEMS ANALYSIS 1)2)3)

SYSTEMS ANALYSIS: Its basic categories 1)2)3)

SYSTEMS ANALYSIS (Weaknesses in) 1)3)

SYSTEMS APPROACH 1)2)3)4)

SYSTEMS (Basic classes of) 1)

SYSTEMS BEHAVIOR (Modifying) 1)4)

SYSTEMS CINEMATICS 2)

SYSTEMS (Co-operative) 2)4)

SYSTEMS (Design)

SYSTEMS DESIGN (Evolutionary)

SYSTEMS (Domain of): "The field over which they extent" 1)

SYSTEMS DYNAMICS: a CRITIQUE 2)

SYSTEMS DYNAMICS (Integrated) 2)

SYSTEMS DYNAMICS MODEL (Setting up a) 2)

SYSTEMS DYNAMICS (Short history of) 1)

SYSTEMS ENGINEERING 2)

SYSTEMS FIELDS TAXONOMY 1)

SYSTEMS FIELDS THEORY 1)2)4)

SYSTEMS HEURISTICS (Critical) 1)2)3)

SYSTEMS IDENTIFICATION 1)3)

SYSTEMS INQUIRY 1)3)4)

SYSTEMS (Isomorphic) 2)3)

SYSTEMS (Joined, or coupled Dynamic) 2)

SYSTEMS KNOWLEDGE 1)3)

SYSTEMS METHODOLOGIES 1)2)

SYSTEMS MOVEMENT 1)

SYSTEMS PATHOLOGY

SYSTEMS PHILOSOPHY 1)3)

SYSTEMS REPRESENTATION 2)

SYSTEMS RESEARCH 1)2)3)

SYSTEMS SCIENCE 1)3)

SYSTEMS SOCIETIES 1)

SYSTEMS TEACHING 1)

SYSTEMS (Technical Macro-)

SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY 1)

SYSTEMS: the THERMODYNAMICAL viewpoint 1)

SYSTEMS THEORY 1)2)3)

SYSTEMS THEORY ("Hard" or "Soft") 1)3)

SYSTEMS THEORY: Historical roots 1)

SYSTEMS THEORY (Liberating) 1)

SYSTEMS THINKING (Critical) 1)2)

SYSTEMS THINKING: Some critical appraisals 1)2)3)

SYSTEMS TYPES 1)

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]

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