BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

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TIME SCALES (Differences in) 1)

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To cover a similar segment of transformation or evolution, different systems require different spans of chronological time.

BLAUBERG, SADOVSKY and YUDIN express: "This distinction may be clearly seen in the following example. In giving a comparative analysis of the evolution of two biological species such as, for instance, the drosophile and the rabbit, it would be meaningless to attempt to determine the tempo and character of the corresponding evolutionary process in absolute chronological units, for the rate of development of these processes are incomparable. The modern biologist therefore employs a unit of measurement such as the time of replacement of one generation by another and the duration of life of a population. In other words, analysis does not involve the concept of time in general, but that of the specific time of the system" (1977, p.237).

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]

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