BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

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RADIATION (Self-contained) 1)

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Evolutive radiation, i.e. the appearance and differentiation of various new types from a common origin in time, is a feature of evolution in general, i.e. not only of living beings, but also of artifacts and human organizations.

Moreover new types retain most of the fundamental characteristics of the original type and, at least in living systems, no new fundamental types seem to have emerged independently since the beginnings of life. If the same is true for artifacts is debatable, because there seems to be a complex recombination of characteristics among types and even new independent beginnings (electricity, nuclear energy for example).

The general representation of the succession of types is accordingly a unique tree fractalized along the time dimension, that could be inscribed within an overall containing funnel form.

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]

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