BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

IDEAL-TYPE (Organic) 1)2)

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According to SUTHERLAND, the characteristics of organic ideal-types are as follows:

"Interface conditions: Highly open with respect to environment and exogenous forces. External determinants which affect the system may, therefore, be too far removed (spatially or temporally) to be analytically observable at any point of time.

"Structural characteristics: Parts are not arrayed in a neat, stable hierarchy but stochastically, with the structure and direction of interrelationships generally altering almost constantly in response to localized changes of environmental influences, etc.

"Dynamic properties: Parts have potential for inaugurating opportunistic or strategic behavior in response to local parameter changes; causal trajectories may be altered locally and interactions may be equifinal; dynamic (driving) forces may be transparent rather than tangible and manipulable.

"Normative analytical properties: Only partial:

- empirical inaccessibility

- immeasurability

- imperfect controllability

- unpredictability

"Amenability to inference and induction: Future state conditions cannot be successfully inferred from initial state conditions" (p.97).

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]

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