BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

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HOLISTIC APPROACH 1)3)

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"The view that an integrated whole has reality independent of and greater than its parts" (UNESCO, 1986, p.5).

"Independent" should be replaced by "distinct" in order to take BUNGE's objection into account.

The UNESCO – UNEP "Glossary of environmental education terms" comments that: "… the environment can only be understood by viewing it as a general complex of its parts" and that this can be done by way of a "thorough and comprehensive analysis of interrelations between the natural environment, social, cultural, technological and other factors" (p.5).

This applies obviously to any kind of environment, and must be extended to the system considered and its interactions with its specific environment. But it is in no way contradictory to more specific and precise research in some areas, provide both viewpoints become correlated.

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]

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