BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

CULTURES AS SYSTEMS 4)

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The common acceptance by a numerous group of people of a set of values and norms tend to create a dynamically stable entity which maintains itself with recongnizable characteristics during quite a long span of historical time.

It becomes conceptually acceptable to speak of "cultural systems". Their main characteristics are:

- each one offers basic features, values, beliefs and norms, a language, specific aesthetics, a folklore

- two or more different cultures may find it quite difficult to communicate

- a cultural system generally exists in more or less well defined and stable spatial boundaries

- the values and norms of the culture are transmitted from one generation to the following by a kind of psychological imprinting, which guarantee their survival ("historical consciousness")

- cultures evolve and finally tend to decay and disappear; but may leave traces and thus contribute to the inheritance of new cultures in the making

- individuals pertaining to a culture adapt themselves very uneasily in another one and are also frequently discriminated (nationalism, religious fanaticism, racism, etc) (R. ARON, 1961)

Of course, a member of a cultural system views his/her systems in function of the received imprinting, from which it is very difficult to escape

→ Aura; History (Sistemic)

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]

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